It has been argued that end-user development has been driven by a Essay

It has been contended that end-client advancement has been driven by a disappointment of focal data frameworks offices to create - Essay Example These nonprofessional programming designers would utilize new composing equations, questions, databases and spreadsheets to help them in their work. Another exploration in 2011 predicted the chance of nonprofessional designers having made twenty five percent business applications before the finish of 2014. With respect to a reality, the quantity of PC clients has expanded, thus has the utilizations for which they need PCs. The product needs of these expanding number of PC clients are dynamic, unpredictable and various. Proficient programming developers’ restricted information and moderate improvement process hamper their ability to beat the ever-developing applications accumulation. This started a craving in PC clients to search for methods of changing, making and expanding programming antiquity all alone without including proficient programming engineers. This is the thing that end-client advancement (EUD) is about (Barrie 2002, p.31). Utilizing end-client improvement, PC cli ents tweak or concoct their own remarkable interfaces and usefulness for their product. A bit of leeway with this is the way that end clients have satisfactory information on the unique circumstances, needs and change in their individual areas. Moreover, permitting end-clients to tune programming to address required issues, end-client improvement has another favorable position. Obviously, end-clients dwarf proficient programming engineers by a wide margin. ... Many end-clients who take part in end-client advancement need adequate preparing in proficient programming dialects, displaying, graphing documentations, and formal procedures of programming improvement (Clarker 2008, p.71). Their present moment and medium-term objectives don't give them enough inspiration to gain proficiency with this conventional information. This represents a few difficulties to those gave to the course of supporting the end-client advancement. End-clients need to create forms that have usability, simple to learn, and that permits simple coordination into end-users’ singular areas. End-client advancement goes connected at the hip with fitting, end-client programming designing, and end-client programming. An end-client who alters a PC application to suit their logical need does fitting. Fitting permits clients to change their communication with an application along with its usefulness. This involves changing the conduct of an application by resetting the bou ndaries of an application to change the degree of detail of its arrangement of information. Fitting incorporates end-client programming when an individual controls an application to such an extent as to think of a total program (Mahmood 2003, p.43). For instance, an individual can think of macros that can support the person in question to change set graphical UI things borne in an application. This can serve to either expand the ease of use of an application or extend it to have new functionalities. There is research that shows the chance of structures that are segment based, and that would permit simple application fitting. Proficient programming looks to concoct projects and sell them out to individuals. End-client programming, then again, looks to make projects to fulfill the developers’ needs. End-client

Strategy to recommend to improve sales and increase Old Navy's Essay

Technique to prescribe to improve deals and increment Old Navy's Customer base - Essay Example Sending postcards to all clients who have bought something from the store during the previous 14 months. Giving of blessing checks for their steadfast clients. Offering for benefit cards is additionally improving. By Putting up extra promotions or make enormous promotions that attracts individuals to the store or considerably littler , modest, increasingly unique roads - and afterward do it reliably is additionally viable. As indicated by a site A typical coming up short among the individuals who favor the enormous bonanza advancement, is that they either don't publicize enough or plan cautiously enough ahead of time. So if the organization need to hold a major advancement, you need to prepare to stun the world, and submit in like manner. Other organization demonstrated this viably. Another is force a cutoff time. It's regularly important to place direness into organization's promotions, or any advertising messages. Regardless of whether the costs are going in low costs or be given a major rebate you have to have a cutoff time or motivator and spur individuals to make a move now. For example, this coming summer. Summer adornments are in for individuals who are wanting to take their mid year on the sea shore. Promotions for summer frill will be given an additional advancements, such as giving huge limits on them.

Sarah Baartman essay Essay Example

Sarah Baartman exposition Paper The San, who were a chasing ND scavenging individuals, didn't trust in possession, as lived off the land. The Shook who were roaming herders believed under lock and key and had crowds of steers and sheep, but since they were migrant, this implied they had place where there is their own (in spite of the fact that others Shook groups could get consent from the neighborhood boss to utilize their assets). The Europeans (Dutch) did anyway put stock in private land proprietorship. Where the Dutch had faith in private land possession and Isakson didn't, this prompted clashes between the two gatherings, in light of the fact that the land that was conceded to the free burghers (authentic German title obtained by family relatives of the decision class in German talking towns) and Hugeness was land utilized by the shook for dairy cattle eating and besides this put an impediment to water get to, and the wild creatures that were pursued by the Isakson were quickly getting rare. The distinction between the Dutch and Isakson were appeared in Sarah Barmans life was by the way that she was sold as a captive to a Dutch designer, where no more was sans she yet rather property claimed. This indicated the tremendous contrast between the two gatherings. The Isakson put stock in an incomparable being who controlled over their every day life ND components of the earth. This god was venerated through ceremonies and little forfeits. We will compose a custom paper test on Sarah Baartman article explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Sarah Baartman exposition explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Sarah Baartman paper explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer In partner to this god there was an underhanded god they had faith in, that achieved disease passing and disaster to the world. This contrast among great and malice covered different regions of the Isakson life. Move was a significant piece of their way of life and it adjusted in conditions of cognizance to pick up data on the best way to mend individuals or a solution for a social abhorrence. The sun and moon were likewise parts of the incomparable god, as full and new moons were significant for rituals and moving. One could state that the Isakson were an exceptionally offbeat gathering of individuals. Holland during this time was experiencing the protestant reorganization meaning the Dutch were moving endlessly from Catholicism and into Protestantism were confidence and the act of Protestantism are established on the standards of the reconstruction, particularly in acknowledgment of the holy book as the performance wellspring of disclosure, in defense by confidence alone and in all general hood of the considerable number of adherents. [www. Defenestration. Mother/protestant] Barmans life once she was in Europe subsequent to being offered to Alexander Dunlop demonstrated the gigantic contrast youngster the Isakson and Dutch, to the Shook move was significant them, yet Dutch utilize their customs by means of Sarah Barman for diversion. The Dutch likewise dismiss what was not Christianity as savage and ignoble. Were the Isakson regarded all individuals and the Dutch said they did (on the grounds that it Was simply the good book they followed) they negated by not regarding Sarah Barmans humankind. Squeeze said in the past passage the Isakson regarded all individuals accepted that everybody was equivalent, and that they were not any more significant than the earth nor the creatures. There is proof that inside their own general public as they regarded those above them in both society and authority. Despite the fact that it is likewise obviously certain that the Dutch didn't have a similar view with the Isakson that all individuals were equivalent, as they saw no issue with executing the Isakson at their will, and as it came to Jan Van Ribbed saw no deficiency in having them stuffed and showing in his homes as embellishment. This obviously expresses the huge contrast between the Dutch and Isakson. It is apparent with Sarah Barman, where in the Isakson society she was regarded and treated similarly and in Europe she was given no regard what-so-ever and showed for different people groups interests, since her life structures was diverse to ladies in Europe (she had excessively huge private parts). She was displayed like a creature; this expressed precisely what the Europeans thought of Africa (they were in reverse graceless and in reverse). Inside the Dutch people group there were the two ladies regarded and affronted. Those that were regarded would in general be the spouses that remained at home, took care of the youngsters, maintained the family in control and the husband glad. The ones that were disregarded were whore and fragile guides. Rehashing that Isakson lady where on a similar standard as the men. They were dealt with and regarded in a similar way. Sarah Barman is a case of the tremendous distinctive between the novo gatherings. Where she was once regarded and acknowledged, she was no separated, abused and once the Europeans were finished with her she was constrained prostitution and liquor addiction, this driving her to passing on from sexual transmitted illnesses on a road in Paris. From here on her skeleton and the parts the Europeans were keen on were safeguarded and kept in the Muse De lingered two by two. The European social structure was followed upon the incredible chain of being, which implied those with status and riches commanded society and man ruled above creatures and the earth. God was most importantly of this and the creatures were underneath the human. Hirelings were most reduced level for the people. It was eve back for an individual to move out of their situations in this various leveled society. The San were inverse to this, due to being the tracker assemble society each individual inside the group were on equivalent levels. The Shook were like the Dutch, by the way that they were additio nally hierarchal society were the severely dislike had hirelings. The main various was that their workers were in the framed of work were they were paid and permitted to move out of the situation of subjugation. Sarah Barman express this distinction to a significant degree in light of the fact that once she Was in the Europeans ownership, she was always unable to leave her bondage position. Where inside the Shook people group she would have. There was an incredible distinction between the Dutch and Isakson with regards to their amusement. Inside the Isakson culture their amusement originated from oral customs, moves and other physical exercises. The Isakson engaged for the up lifetimes of the whole society.

Tips on How to Structure an Expository Essay

Tips on How to Structure an Expository EssayAn online expository essay is a great way to get good grades if you take the time to research and choose appropriate academic topics. An expository essay, unlike a conventional essay, is composed of one or more written pieces that are arranged in a coherent manner. In this form of writing, you start with an introduction, by which you should briefly outline the purpose of your article. This gives you a clear idea of what your topic is and how to bring the piece together.You should also start your article with a summary of what you know about the topic and how it relates to your topic. If you do not do this, you risk having your article fall flat and you may feel your topic is incomplete. The introduction is the first part of the article and should contain just enough information to keep the reader engaged and interested.As the author, you will need to develop a personality to set you apart from all other authors. While the essay may be self- contained, your style should be informal. Choose several words in which to express yourself, but still be yourself.One of the most important things you should make sure you include in your article is an analysis of the specific topic, so that you have a way to tell what makes this topic special and what can you use to solve similar problems. A common problem students have with expository essays is that they are not structured correctly and may use an analysis in a different way than the author intended. A different format for your essay is often an excellent way to avoid any possible confusion.After the introduction, you should then give your main points and develop the argument from these points. While you should provide plenty of material to support your points, you need to stress and focus on one or two of the main points to make them stand out in your reader's mind.You may include points about the other authors and how they relate to your point and that information will help you focus your article. For example, if you are going to cite one of the main authors, you may cite them one by one in order to clarify their ideas. After you have given your main argument and connected your points, you should now add a conclusion and tell your readers what you hope to accomplish.Your expository essay needs to be well written and organized to be as effective as possible. The tips outlined here should help you structure your essay with utmost care. Good luck with your next essay!

Effect Of A Substance On Daphnia - 1285 Words

Abstract: The experiment was conducted by a number of individuals to see how the effects of a substance would have an effect on a Daphnia. The Daphnia’s were placed in multiple different substances environment to see the effect it would have on their heart rates. When doing the experiment the first step was to take the Daphnia and put it a Water solution to observe the heart rate of the Daphnia and record the heart rate. Recording of the heart rate were taken for when the Daphnia were in the Water solution that way they could compare with the next solution which was Caffeine. Caffeine was chosen because it raises the heartbeat of humans, so they wanted to see what would happen when given to a Daphnia. One drop of Caffeine was dropped onto the Daphnia and then observed to get a recording of the heart rate. The results for both of the solutions were different which arose the question of whether the Caffeine had an effect on the Daphnia’s. The control group was tested first with 5 trials of different Daphnia, this gave an average heart rate of 114.8 with a difference of 0 between the two Daphnia. The heart rates were recorded 3 times for each Daphnia, for each trial 2 Daphnia’s were tested. When the Daphnia were placed in the toxin the results showed a very obvious change in heart rate with an average of 15.6 in heart rates between the Daphnia placed in water and the Daphnia mixed with caffeine. The experiment was done in a controlled environment in the Parker build atShow MoreRelatedThe Normal Heart Rate Of A Daphnia Magna1552 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this lab was to determine the normal heart rate of a Daphnia Magna and decipher the different effects that various substances had on it. A Daphnia Magna is a species of water fleas and can be located in the Northern United Sates against the coastline of the Atlantic in rocky pools. The water flea’s habitat consists of rivers and streams, temporary pools, lakes and ponds, and brackish water. The Daphnia Magna range from two to five millimeters in length and are shaped like a kidneyRead More241 and Ibuprofen Solutions988 Words   |  4 PagesIbuprofen Abstract The project that I chose to research was the effect of Ibuprofen on the heart rate of the daphnia. The reason that I chose to do this was because many people in society use over the counter pain killers without really understanding any of the long term effects of this medicine other than clearing their aches pains, and swelling. One of the leading drugs on the market today is Ibuprofen which you may know as Motrin or Advil. Both drugs are identical except for quantity andRead MoreDaphnia Heart Rate Experiment Essay1570 Words   |  7 Pages Aim: The aim of this experiment is to understand the affect of the drug Caffeine on the rate of a Daphnia’s heartbeat. This is to understand the affect of caffeine on a human’s heart rate and the use of daphnia keeps the experiment fair and safe. Background Research: Daphnia – Daphnia (water fleas) are grouped as crustaceans under the arthropod group of Kingdom Anamalia. They have an open circulatory system where fluid (there is no distinction between blood and nutritional fluid) in theRead MoreIs Plant Defensive Compounds Used?1510 Words   |  7 Pagescause cardiac arrest to those herbivore attackers or animals that consume the plant. If this statement is compared to the experiment performed, the defensive compound used, the milkweed should increase the heart rate of the invertebrate observed (the Daphnia) or create at least a change in the insect. During the experiment, water was compared to the milkweed and the heart rate changes were observed under microscope looking at different magnifications. Looking at the data and results obtained, it was discoveredRead MoreHow Does Caffeine And Nicotine Affect Daphnia Magna?863 Words   |  4 PagesHow Does Caffeine and Nicotine Affect Daphnia magna Introduction: The experiment conducted primarily focused on the heart of the Daphnia magna and how it is affected by caffeine and nicotine. The organism is transparent this key feature is ideal for a model organism. During the experiment a total number of four organisms were treated with caffeine and nicotine. Caffeine is a stimulant of the nervous system. (Caffeine. 2015) Caffeine is present in highly consumed products such as coffee, tea, chocolateRead MoreThe Effect Of Various Drugs On The Heart Rate Of Daphnia Magna1222 Words   |  5 Pagesperformed to visualize the effects of various drugs on the heart rate of Daphnia magna. The four drugs tested consisted of: Lidocaine, Acetylcholine, Caffeine, and Nicotine. These drugs were designed to have an apparent effect on the average heart rate of the Daphnia. The laboratory exercise was divided into two parts and procedures: measuring the basal heart rate of Daphnia, and measuring the drug induced heart rate of Daphnia. In order to measure the bas al heart rate, various Daphnia were obtained and observedRead MoreThe Effects of Caffeine on Daphnia827 Words   |  3 PagesThis experiment is to see The Affect of Caffeine on Daphnia. Daphnia is also known as a water flea. It is a distant relative of crabs and shrimps. (Marshall Cavendish, 2002) Daphnia have a hard external skeleton with jointed appendages and limbs. The head contains a large central eye which is made of two eyes joined together. Daphnia has two pairs of antennae which are used for swimming. Each daphnia has five pairs of limbs. These limbs lie in a certain space under the body bounded by the carapaceRead MoreDaphni The Human Circulatory And Nervous System1099 Words   |  5 PagesDaphnia are minute crustaceans and they live in fresh and salt water all around the world (these daphnia’s will be sourced from fresh-water). Daphnia’s are arthropods, which means they belong to the family, which includes crustaceans and insects. They usually reach a max imum of 0.5 millimeters. Although daphnia’s are very small, they are vital to the cleanliness of their environment, as they filter the water by consuming bacteria. Scientists often use daphnia’s in experiments to gain more informationRead MoreThe Effect of Caffiene on Heart Rate1658 Words   |  7 PagesTITLE: Effect of the caffeine on the heart rate OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the caffeine on the heart rate of living organisms. INTRODUCTION: * Daphnia Daphnia  are small,  planktonic  crustaceans, between 0.2 and 5  mm in length.  Daphnia  are members of the  order  Cladocera, and are one of the several small aquatic crustaceans commonly called  water fleas  because of their  saltatory  swimming style (although  fleas  are  insects  and thus only very distantly related). TheyRead MoreDaphnia Heart Rate and Kcl1022 Words   |  5 PagesJuanita Sarmiento Daphnia Ecotoxicology Lab Report Introduction Ecosystems have a way of maintaining themselves under ordinary conditions but when a new factor is added that will most likely threaten the environment action needs to be put forth. Our environment is affected by many pollutants on a daily bases forming a threat to natural stability. For example some of the most polluted parts of the environment are bodies of water like that explained in our lab. Once pollution occurs

The War I And World War II - 1946 Words

Human history has not been peaceful at all; there have been big mass murders, terrorist attacks, and, worst of all, wars. There were and still are wars all over the world, like in Palestine, where people are killing each other because of religion, or in Syria, where people are killing each other because of a protest against Syria’s president. These are not the only reasons that caused gigantic wars. In fact, World War I and World War II, the most horrible, bloody, and catastrophic wars in history, started because of chain reactions. At that point of the human history, the International Community felt strongly the need to overcome all possible difficulties and fuse together into a supranational body, with a clear mandate of spreading and†¦show more content†¦As a result of this conference, on October 24, 1945, the UN was formed to prevent other world wars and to bring peace in countries of the world. The preamble of the UN Charter says: â€Å"WE THE PEOPLES OF THE UNITED NATIONS DETERMINED to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom† Other nations joined after the United Nations was formed and soon 50 nations signed the Charter. Nowadays, the last member that affiliated was South Sudan, which was the 193rd member to join. The founding group of the United Nations, formed by the winning power of World War II (China, England, France, USSR, and USA), still keep privileges. The most important is the â€Å"right to veto†, which means that if one of these nations does not agree with a decision, then it is dismissed and will not apply to anything. To fulfill its mandate, the UN created the Blue Helmets, which are trained soldiers that perform peacekeeping and post-conflict peacebuilding operations. These people

The Evidence For Age And Gender

Question: Discuss about the Evidence For Age And Gender. Answer: Introduction: Diversity is inclusive of difference that states people of different range and having terms in respect to ethnicity, race, disabilities, background, religion, gender, ideologies, political beliefs and sexual orientation. It is most important element for global business as even the customers, workforce and market are diverse in nature. In todays world variations and culture are numerous in terms of customs, practices, rituals, habits etc. That exists in the world (davis, frolova and callahan, 2016). An individual easily notices different manifestations and colors in a group or society. In this context, one of the major issues being age and gender that is affecting the work performance in some situations prevalent. These issues have to be resolved by accessing, value and analyzing the differences in work as in 21st century workplaces takes pride being gender neutral for its workforce. In this globalised world businesses need be aware culturally and diversely by incorporating strategies by exploiting them to the fullest for the advantage. In present workplace the employees are provided information through social media such as twitter, facebook etc. As with generations different ideas, values, communicating and working smartly is the goal (mack, 2010). The four generation that is present in workplace is traditionalists, baby boomers, generation x and millennias. Traditionalist staffs were present at the time of wwii by adhering to principles and sticking to authority, quality and respect. They were lacking in skills and techniques to work, were hard worker, implements rules, money conservative, physical labor and are logical based representing 6.5% of workforce. Second being baby boomer between the time periods 1946-1964 by working through sacrifice mode. This helped them in being loyal to colleagues and employers that constitutes of 41% of workforce. They work in teams, workaholics, learning on the go, optimistic and working for wellness and health. The generation x is from 1965-1980 periods stated as the first generation growing with computer technology (joshi, dencker and franz, 2011). They work on being productive with 29.5% of workforce by having work flexibility, technology savvy, casual approach, working by having fun etc. The last being generation y or millennials by working through multi-tasking, leveraging between technologies and opting balanced working lifestyle. 22.5% is this by being diverse, sociable, political, confident, diverse, setting goals and working etc. As said by amaram, (2011) when a business or owner becomes complacent in nature he thinks at the first look that it is too hard difficult to form policies regarding diversity, cultural competency and hard for negotiating for flexible working conditions. This is making the employers close ended in terms of promotion or recruitment in certain decisions by excluding some people. As discussed by peterson and thea (2006) the different measures that is related to discrimination and gender biasness are discrimination against compensation package, favoritism in job promotion, recruitment discrimination and setting wage difference in workplace. As per magee, (2014) the reason that is governed by intersection of age and gender is the promotion rate, difference in gender and break timings during employment. As per the international scenario it can be perceived that in north america women and their work are different in terms of job evaluations than men. This is due to the fact that men are considered as resource than women. As said by dyke and murphy, (2006) who interviewed people who are successful estimated that men are making more explicit comments than women that involve material orientation. The difference in interview answer in both men and women varies as men tend to be towards material success and women feel for themselves and their group. In men the emphasis is more up on extrinsic rewards but, in women it is on intrinsic as men feel proud in performing it effectively. According to huges et al., (2003) studies have confirmed that in the process of job evaluation women focus on the aspects of social relations that involves appraisals, coworker and cooperation. As opined by frieze et al., (2006) a study conducted by managers found out that women rank high in terms of personal priority than men as this desire is linked with intrinsic motivation that is salient in women rather than men. The workplace market is divided into vertical and horizontal workforce linked to both male and female biasness in terms of wages and unfair distribution to both gender. As per kelan, (2009) this gender quake is affecting relations and engagement in both genders drastically. The framework for gender discrimination and productivity is explained below with the diagram: [source: abbas, hameed and waheed, 2011] The above depicts the fact that gender discrimination is happening in three elements- promotion, hiring and providing facilities and goods. This is all linked to employee productivity as each one has its own place in workplace. Each term is crucial for management to perform well so that employees act as asset not as tool. Thus, gender biasness can be concluded that participation of women in workplace is crucial as it leads to creativity and innovation due to amalgamation of backgrounds, skills and perspectives in both genders (garg and punia, 2015). With rising age the productivity gets hampered in terms of organization change this is also affecting individual productivity. The changes taking is involved in age diversity affects the firm performance depending up on the nature of the task performed in the business. This change is coming in workplace with the process of ageing as the employee is not able to perform effectively. In australia age discrimination is the biggest issue that the employers are facing but, are not ready to admit. A survey conducted by hays, (2014) estimated that one in 10 bosses wont hire employees who are beyond 50 years of age. This survey conducted reveals that old workers are being treated as redundant by the employers in australia. Third business leaders refers that old workers are not comfortable for reminding them their work by the younger people and at times forget what they have to perform. This affects productivity in workplace as time is being consumed in the process and one in 5 is not ready to recruit old people in job (hays, 2014). Another survey conducted in berlin by the max planck institute for human development gave between the age of 65 to 80 and 20 to 31 to perform tasks in respect to episodic and working memory and perpetual test. The outcome was old people were more effective and reliable by stating the result as motivated, stable mood and routine is balanced. According to australian bureau of statistics people aged between 55 and 64 years are not being employed for long-term as in contrast with people age between 35-44 years i.e. 22% and 13% for 15-24 years old (hays, 2014). The unconscious bias occurs when the individual is unaware about the world that is fostered by various factors such as family, community and culture. According to neill, (2015) in case of workplace it affects the whole hr process starting from job advertisements, conducting interview, selection and acquisition of talent by retaining it efficiently. The other factors are age, hair color, disability, height, personality etc. That affects the workforce widely. As per neill, (2015) when a business continues to employ same kind of staffs in organization the range is limited to knowledge, skills, opportunities and idea sharing. In other way the productivity is hampered as not having diverse workforce means not providing effective service to consumers or producing in large quantities. From the above discussion it can be concluded that workplace diversity is the biggest challenge that fosters opportunity in business. The strategic use of human resources is done by valuing the workforce diversity and attaining the advantage and disadvantage for managing it effectively. In this globalization era no workplace could survive without diverse workforce but, its benefits can be seen in long-term. References Abbas, d., hameed, a. And waheed, a. (2011). Gender discrimination its effect on employee performance/productivity. International journal of humanities and social science, [online] 1(15). Available at: https://www.ijhssnet.com/journals/vol_1_no_15_special_issue_october_2011/20.pdf [accessed 23 aug. 2016]. Amaram, d. (2011). Cultural diversity: implications for workplace management. Jdm, 2(4), p.1. Davis, p., frolova, y. And callahan, w. (2016). Workplace diversity management in australia. Equal div and incl: an int j, 35(2), pp.81-98. Dyke, l. S., murphy, s. A. (2006). How we define success: a qualitative study of what matters most to women and men. Sex roles, 55, 357371. Elisabeth k. Kelan (2009). gender fatigue: the ideological dilemma of gender neutrality and discrimination in organizations. Canadian journal of administrative sciences vol. No.26, pp. 197-210. Frieze, i. H., olson, j. E., murrell, a. J., selvan, m. S. (2006). Work values and their effect on work behavior and work outcomes in female and male managers. Sex roles, 54(1/2), 8393. Garg, d. And punia, b. (2015). Gender implication of high performance work practices in indian organisation. Sona global management review, 9(3). Hays.com.au. (2014). The balancing act creating a diverse workforce. [online] available at: https://www.hays.com.au/cs/groups/hays_common/@au/@content/documents/digitalasset/hays_154080.pdf [accessed 23 aug. 2016]. Hughes, k., lowe, g. S., schellenberg, g. (2003). Mens and womens quality of work in the new canadian economy: research paper w|19. Canadian policy research networks. Joshi, a., dencker, j. And franz, g. (2011). Generations in organizations. Research in organizational behavior, 31, pp.177-205. Mack, m. (2010). 4 generations in the workplace. 1st ed. Tasc conference. Magee, w. (2014). Effects of gender and age on pride in work, and job satisfaction. Journal of happiness studies, [online] 16(5). Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10902-014-9548-x [accessed 23 aug. 2016]. Martin, c. A. (2005). From high maintenance to high productivity. What managers need to know about generation y. Industrial and commercial training,37, 3944 Neill, r. (2015). The importance of a diverse and culturally competent workforce. 1st ed. Nsw: head teacher hsie, newtown high school of the performing arts. Petersen, trond thea togstad (2006). getting the offer: sex discrimination in hiring. Research in social stratification and mobility science direct vol. No. 24, pp. 239257.

Workplace Stress Leading to Burnout an Example by

Workplace Stress Leading to Burnout Stress in the workplace has been a concern on the minds of human resource employees in many large corporations. By neglecting causes of workplace stress, employers may be nullifying their investment in employee-focused health-promotion programs. The evidence linking certain workplace characteristics to employee stress and health is as strong as the evidence linking smoking to lung cancer (Santa-Barbara pg 2). This essay will illustrate the connection between workplace stress and employee burnout. Need essay sample on "Workplace Stress Leading to Burnout" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed There are professionals all across the spectrum of the corporate world feeling as if they are not making any contribution to society at all, and have relegated their employee/employer relationship down to a nuisance. It is more difficult to get up in the morning and go to the office. It seems pressure is coming from every angle scrutinizing every move made. Santa-Barbara notes that stress form any source causes the brain chemistry to change lowering the bodys immune system making the employee more susceptible to illnesses (pg 2). Our Customers Very Often Tell EssayLab professionals:I'm not in the mood to write my essay. Because I want to spend time with my friendsSpecialists propose: Choose The Qualified Help In Writing PapersBuy College Papers Write My Essay Online Cheap Do My Assignment Pay Someone To Write My Paper Cheap "Anybody can suffer from stress and job burnout," Kleven noted. "These are equal-opportunity challenges." In a dynamic society where change is the only constant, people find it particularly challenging to manage work overload -- and as families split up, reconfigure or move around the country, individuals are less and less likely to have an adequate support system to help them combat stress (Overwhelmed and Overworked, n.d.). Burnout can be defined as a general lack of caring or concern with noticeable less motivation. Many who cannot discover the source of the stress causing burnout can go into depression further complicating their lives. However, according to Ceridian Connection, stress can be overcome, but not without recognizing its source (Overwhelmed and Overworked, n.d.). Once the source is recognized help can come from many directions including managers who can take measures to keep employees involved and engaged. Stress in the workplace is definitely causing employee burnout, but with the right help, and by noticing the symptoms early enough it can be thwarted. Works Cited When Workplace Stress Stifles Productivity. (n.d.) Retrieved 9 December 2006, from http://www.drakeintl.com/dbr/pdf/work_place_stress.pdf Overwhelmed and Overworked: Stress and Burnout on the Job. (n.d.)

The Life Cycle of Fleas

The Life Cycle of Fleas In order to control fleas effectively, you must understand the flea life cycle. Though there are several species of fleas that can infest your home, by far the most common species found on cats or dogs is the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis), so well focus on cat fleas in this article. The Flea Life Cycle Fleas undergo complete metamorphosis with four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Environmental variables influence the length of each developmental stage. Fleas prefer a warm, humid environment, with temperatures ranging between 70 and 90 F and a relative humidity of 75 percent or more. Under ideal conditions, the cat flea life cycle takes just 18 days, from egg to adult. Adult fleas (both male and female) require a blood meal prior to mating. They prefer blood from your pet, but in the absence of a canine or feline host, fleas will bite people. Once mated, the female flea may deposit up to 50 eggs per day on your dog or cat. An adult flea typically lives for several months, so just a single flea can cause a significant infestation in a short amount of time. As your pet walks around your home, many of the flea eggs fall off. Cat flea eggs are tiny, measuring a mere 1/32 inch, so they can go unnoticed in your pets bedding, in carpets, or on upholstered furniture. Within 2 to 5 days, wormlike larvae emerge from the eggs. Lacking eyes and legs, you might think that flea larvae would have a tough time surviving in your carpet. But flea larvae do just fine hunkered down between the carpet fibers, where they feed on anything organic, from hair to adult flea excrement. The larvae feed and molt for 1 to 2 weeks, and then pupate within silken cocoons. The flea cocoon is often camouflaged with debris, including hair, skin particles, and carpet fibers. In a warm environment and with your cat or dog available for a blood meal, the adult may emerge in about a week. The new adult flea will jump on your pet when he passes by, and immediately begin feeding on his blood. Can Fleas Survive If My Pet Is Away? You might think you can beat a flea infestation by simply removing your pet from the home for a while. After all, no host, no parasite, right? But fleas are clever pests. A fully formed adult flea can sit tight inside its cocoon for a year, just waiting for a host animal to reappear. The fleas stay safely in their pupal cases until they sense vibrations that suggest an animal is moving nearby. Like many insects that feed on blood, they can also sense an increased presence of carbon dioxide, which signals that a host is in the area. So as soon as your dog or cat returns, the adult fleas will emerge and feast. And remember, theyll gladly feed on your blood if your pet is unavailable, so unless you are prepared to abandon your home for a year, you really must treat for fleas.

Ethics College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethics College - Essay Example They bind people to perform certain actions, or to avoid them, as the case may be. These obligations differ from person to person. They are also dependent upon the type of relationship, that is whether personal or professional. Nevertheless, a person is morally bound to fulfill the same. Secondly, ideals are a set of standards, on the basis of which a person performs actions. It varies on the basis of culture of a person. Moreover, there may be several ways of pursuing these goals or standards. The most common virtues or ideals found in all cultures include loyalty, compassion, tolerance, justice, peace etc. These virtues help us determine whether an act is morally justified. Further, organizational ethics include customer satisfaction, efficiency, superior quality, productivity, fair pricing etc. An action either honors these ideals or disregards them. Hence, these standards help us to determine the morality quotient of the action. Lastly, ethics are concerned with the consequences of our actions and their effect on other concerned people. While determining the likely procedure, one has to consider the outcome of the action. Thus, while evaluating various options available, one must identify the parties involved and carefully analyze the pros and cons involved. From the above, it can be concluded that any course of action which recognizes the obligations, keeping in mind the ideals and benefits all the people concerned, can be acknowledged as morally correct. An action which does not qualify either of the above three factors, cannot be regarded as morally sound, therefore it should be revised. However, one might be in jeopardy, because of conflicting ideals, obligations or effects. To simplify, the course of evaluation to determine the correct action, can be divided into two steps. (Shaw, W.H., Barry, V. and Sansbury, G. 2009) In the first step we ascertain the obligations involved and towards whom they are involved; the ideals which are recognized and those which are ignored. We also identify the people who are affected by our action and the extent of effect on them. The second step involves prioritizing, that is, we deduce which action will prove to be most appropriate out of the set of alternatives. While making a decision one should adopt a stronger objective of the two and the more important ideal which would result in "greater good and lesser harm". Part 2: In real life it is difficult to categorize ideals or objectives on the basis of the importance, so is balancing objectives ideals and effects. Hence the crux of the decision making criteria is left unanswered here. Some propagate that business ethics has unique principles to determine right and wrong on the basis of its business settings. They say that business ethics need not be in tandem with the ethics laid done by the society of right and wrong. (Warlick, Staten Leslie.1998). Some action may be considered as ethical from the point of view of business while it may be unethical from society's point of view. While marketing a company's product, people resort to lying or exaggerating the quality of the product or service in order to sell the product. Say a firm promoting a fairness cream may exaggerate that the effectiveness of the cream shows in a month of usage, while in

Research paper High School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Research paper High School - Essay Example Stiva ponders aloud what he should do. The narrative combines his stream of consciousness and the third person perspective in the writing in Part One, Chapter One; ' "But what's to be done What's to be done" he said to himself in despair, and found no answer.' (Tolstoy 3). Tolstoy developed his omniscient narratives to depict different tones of voices while stepping in the shoes of the various characters. For example, the omniscient narrator who writes about Stiva uses a relaxed tone to reflect Stiva's personality. When the narrator writes about Levin, the tone is tense. It tells that Levin is awkward in social manners because he is honest. Levin and Stiva are assigned opposite tones in narratives because their characters are opposites. Levin's unhappiness with the political climate is depicted in this narrative with Levin and Stiva in Part One, Chapter Five, when this is recorded about Levin; ' "On one side it's a plaything; they play at being a parliament, and I'm neither young enough nor old enough to find amusement in playthings; and on the other side" (he stammered) "it's a means for the coterie of the district to make money. Formerly they had wardships, courts of justice, now they have the district council--not in the form of bribes, but in the form of unearned salary," he said, as hotly as though someone of those present had opposed his opinion.' Tolstoy used the characters to ... "Her husband put her with me, and I was delighted to have her..." ' Tolstoy uses the Countess to voice a different opinion of Anna towards the end of the novel. Tolstoy developed Anna's narrator to grow with her role in the novel. In the beginning, she is the successful negotiator who win's Dolly's hand back for he brother, Stiva. The narrator shows Anna's cunning strategy of sympathy, empathy, praise, and eventual victory. Tolstoy has developed the narrative to even use the pauses fruitfully. For example, in Part One, Chapter Nineteen, Anna says; ' "I don't know, I can't judge.... Yes, I can," said Anna, thinking a moment; and grasping the position in her thought and weighing it in her inner balance, she added: "Yes, I can, I can, I can. Yes, I could forgive it. I could not be the same, no; but I could forgive it, and forgive it as though it had never been, never been at all..." ' Towards the end of the novel in Part Eight, Chapter Thirty-One, Anna has changed into a different woman. She is no longer complacent in her old realist views of her Russian society or European world. The narration portrays her as a true tragic heroine who gives up her marriage for love with Vronsky. Vronsky fails her. The narrative describes Anna as becoming confused. She reads meaning into everything she sees. At this stage, Tolstoy is trying to shift his novel, from the realist mode into the modernist. This departure from realism shows when Anna's thoughts leave the unimportant daily experiences and she tries to read deeper meanings into the ordinary activities. The novel introduces modernism then. In Part Eight, Chapter Thirty-One, the narration records Anna as saying; '"Yes, I'm very much worried, and that's what reason was

Coffee and Starbucks Essay Example for Free

Coffee and Starbucks Essay Starbucks Coffee Corporation is facing some strategic decisions on its current policy with regard to partnering with NGOs. Starbucks has a long history of social involvement. â€Å"CSR originated in 1994 as the Environmental Affairs Department with a budget of $50,000; by 2002, the 14-member department had a budget of 6 million. (Austin Reavis, 2004) Recently Starbucks completed a six year, $450,000 project with Conservation International; an NGO thats mission â€Å"is to conserve the earths natural heritage and its global biodiversity, as well as to demonstrate that human societies are able to live harmoniously with nature. (Austin Reavis, 2004) At the time CI had a staff of 776, overseeing projects in more than 30 countries on four continents. Roughly two thirds of CIs staff worked in the field and 90% were citizens of those countries. (Austin Reavis, 2004) Working with CI on the Chiapas Project, dedicated to working with coffee farmers to stop the destruction of rain-forests by farming and to promote shade-grown coffee which is sustainable, Starbucks has learned that it needs a clearer policy with regards to partnering with other NGOs in the future. Several challenges arose when Starbucks was working with CI on the Chiapas Project, and they both learned valuable lessons. Starbucks needs to consider how valuable the Starbucks-CI alliance had been and what it future might be. Is the approach sustainable? What should be the ongoing strategy for shade-grown coffee? Next, how should new coffee purchasing guidelines be implemented? How should Starbucks and CI approach other roasters to adopt the sourcing guidelines? Finally, how should Starbucks address the Fair Trade movement? When CI identified coffee as an important commodity affecting biodiversity, it launched a pilot conservation coffee program in 1996 organized around three co-operatives, located in the buffer zone of the El Triunfo Reserve in Chiapas, Mexico. (Austin Reavis, 2004) CI Created this project to promote and preserve the pristine rain and cloud forests as well as shade-grown coffee. In 1997 CI convinced Starbucks that partnering with them in the Chiapas Project would not only promote conservation and shade-grown coffee, but also produce a high quality coffee bean; a bean that was shade-grown, sun-dried, and met Starbucks high quality standards. This alliance has proven to be successful. Since 1998, the coffee growing land incorporated into the project has increased by 220%, signaling that farmers had changed their practices. Starbucks was able to purchase 1. 5 million pounds of Coffee from the Chiapas cooperatives by 2002. An outside consultant doing a independent review of the CI project concluded that farmers environmental knowledge and awareness had increased significantly, as had conservation and organized farming practices (Austin Reavis, 2004) However conducive for Starbucks as a learning process and beneficial to CI and the El Triunfo Reserve, as well as the farmers and the cooperatives, the Chiapas project requires a vast infusion of capital and resources to operate. Capital in terms of time, resources, expertise, and field trainers. Austin and Reavis state,â€Å"CI had a team of 3 full-time and several part-time â€Å"extentionists† who visited every farm and monitored progress. CI provided training courses in the villages of the farmers, co-op managers, and technicians on quality control, organic farming methods, tree planting, and pulping methods. CI operates a training center and nursery where it grows a wide variety of trees that gives away free to cooperative members and coffee trees that it sold for a nominal fee. The center also produced an organic fertilizer which it sold at 1/3 the price of equivalent of chemical fertilizers. † ( 2004) with all the resources, funds, education, and time it has taken the Chiapas Project to meet Starbucks quality standards, it would seem impossible for Starbucks and Conservation International to set up projects like this in all the biodiversity hot-spots around the world. The Chiapas Project itself consumed too many resources to be sustainable elsewhere. Starbucks would have to subsidize projects in other countries and partner with other NGO’s, who may or may not share the same values and work ethic as Conservation International. Starbucks would have to set-up infrastructure, education centers, and hospitals. Starbucks would have to maintain a staff on the ground to ensure that best practices where in place. The development would occur at a slow pace. The amount of conserved land may not be a significant enough area to ensure the survival of diverse species of animals and plants. All this time and effort to produce a coffee bean that may not meet Starbucks quality standards Starbucks needs to find another strategy, one that continues to encourage conservation and farmer education, but also a strategy that would affect the industry as a whole. With this in mind Starbucks and CI decided to create coffee sourcing guidelines that would affect the suppliers of coffee. â€Å"Under Starbucks new system, introduced as a two year pilot program, suppliers of any size or location could earn up to 100 points for performance in three sustainability categories†¦if the suppliers me all the criteria, that is ,scored 100 points, it would become a preferred supplier and its coffee would receive priority in Starbucks’ purchasing queue. A producer’s performance had to be verified by an acceptable independent third party, although Starbucks was flexible on whom the verifiers would be. † (Austin Reavis, 2004) Mecklenburg, head of CSR at Starbucks describes her reaction to the guidelines, â€Å"While the Chiapas project is totally amazing and beyond what any of us could have imagined, it pales in comparison to what we’ve done with the sourcing guidelines. What we wanted to do with these guidelines is really define what sustainable coffee is. † (Austin Reavis, 2004) What Starbucks is essentially doing with the creation of these sustainable sourcing guidelines, was shifting the burden of responsibility from itself to the industry as a whole. If the suppliers adopted these sourcing guidelines then the industry would determine who developed the most sustainable coffee and change would occur much faster. There would also be incentive for coffee growers to choose organic farming over chemical pesticides and shade grown coffee production, because these sourcing guidelines would have them in preferential buying order. Starbucks challenge now was to get the rest of the industry to adopt their sourcing guidelines. If Starbucks is able to accomplish this, then the coffee industry will have change, it will be a dramatic beneficial change for the future. Other companies have had success leading industry wide changes. One Such company, Merck, has great success eradicating river blindness in Africa; a disease cause by onchocerciasis, a parasitic disease. In early 1975 Merck discovered a possible cure for the disease, Mectizan, and by 1980 the disease was ready for human trial. There was great pressure both internally and externally to produce the drug. Merck had to make a decision to either charge for Mectizan or donate it. The challenge as it relates to this case was once Merck decided to donate the drug how where they going to distribute it; Merck is in the drug creation business not the drug distribution business Professors James Austin and Diana Barrett discuss Merck’s challenges in a case study they prepared for the Harvard Business School. Austin and Barret state, â€Å"Most of those infected lived in areas accessible only by navigating poor roads or traveling on foot for several days. Neither was there a health-care infrastructure in many areas to administer the drugs – few doctors and no pharmacies. † (2001) Merck was in no position to handle this distribution problem on its own. Much like Starbucks trying to affect industry wide change to sourcing practices, Merck had to outline a strategy to deliver this drug to the people that needed them the most. Merck decided to create a committee to examine the problem. â€Å"In 1998 Merck created the Mectizan Expert Committee (MEC) to address the Distribution issue. † (Austin Barrett 2001) Ultimately what the MEC decided was to create a distribution model that called for other organizations interested in the drug to contact the company and apply to receive it. After the NGOs were properly vetted (they where looked at for ability to supply and monitor the drug), Merck would ship the drug directly to the specific countries. The key lesson to take away from Merck’s challenge is that the company could not distribute the drug on their own. Merck had to partner with other organizations in order to affect industry wide change. Starbucks is attempting to dramatically change the way suppliers source coffee. These new guidelines will be beneficial to the coffee growers, who will be forced to learn new methodology, but will receive higher income and higher buying priority in return. These sourcing guidelines will be beneficial to the environment, requiring sustainable practices, such as organic farming and shade-grown coffee, which will conserve land, present less danger to animals, and promote biodiversity. These guidelines will benefit suppliers trying to buy better tasting and more sustainable coffee in larger amounts for comparable prices to industry farming techniques. And finally, these guidelines will benefit the companies whose customers demand a more sustainable flavorful coffee product. Starbucks purchases about 1% of the global coffee supply in 2001. (Starbucks CSR annual Report 2001) World coffee production is estimated at 6. 7 million tones (Hoyt McMillan 2004) Starbucks purchases 67,000 tones of coffee annually. Although this is a lot of coffee it is only a small percentage of the global total. Starbucks is not going to be able to affect the suppliers by themselves; they just do not command enough of the global market to force their sourcing guidelines on suppliers. Like Merck, Starbucks must partner with other companies if they want to see their sourcing guidelines accepted industry wide. In order to align themselves with competitors, Starbucks must generate enthusiasm for its sourcing guidelines among the competitor’s customers, other NGOs, Coffee buyers, coffee suppliers, and competitors themselves. Although a herculean task, Starbucks is a behemoth of a company quite capable of through its weight around. Starbucks must show that their guidelines are more attractive than other sustainable coffee standards such as the fair trade movement. The Fair trade movement started in the Netherlands in the late 1980’s as a way to organize small farmers producing various commodities into cooperatives and to improve their incomes by pressuring buyers to pay guaranteed minimum prices (Austin Barrett 14) The Fair Trade movement seems poised for explosive growth. The world market for fair trade goods is currently valued at $400 million. (Raynolds 2002) Though this only represents a minor share of the international market, sales of Fair Trade commodities have boomed in recent years, with sales rising at close to 30 percent per year. (Raynolds 2002) Coffee forms the core of fair trade networks and is the most widely consumed Fair Trade product in the movements European home and in rapidly expanding North American markets (Raynolds 2002), Starbucks has encountered problems with the fair trade movement. Mecklenburg sums up Starbucks interaction with the Fair trade movements activist NGOs up till now, â€Å"It wasnt that we hadnt been in the cross-hairs of other advocacy groups before but this was much more aggressive. It was difficult to have rational communications There was a lot of pressure to sell Fair Trade Coffee. Ultimately it was up to the CEO. (Austin and Reavis 2004) Starbucks challenges with the Fair Trade movement arises from three points. Firstly the Fair Trade movement originated in Europe where Starbucks is not always regarded favorably. Although there are many Starbucks in Europe, there is simmering resentment at the American company for displacing European coffeehouses. Secondly, Starbucks buying and sourcing practices are not in-line with the Fair Trade Movement. Starbucks buys its coffee From high quality sellers, that sell only Arabica beans. Starbucks also seeks to, when it can, purchase shade grown organic coffee from farmers that are paid better than market price. The Fair Trade movement is basically a labeling movement. They do promote organic cooperative farming techniques and better wages for farmers in order to obtain the Fair Trade seal. However, the Fair Trade auditors do nothing to ensure the quality of the beans and do not have third party verification. Also farmers must pay to have their farms and cooperatives auditing which is a practice that Starbucks does not agree with. Finally, the Fair Trade movement is a supply side movement advocating on behalf of rural workers. They have no experience partnering with large companies, whom they view with mild distrust, only persuading companies to buy Fair Trade and selling Fair Trade commodities. In April 2000, Starbucks signed an agreement with TransFair to buy Fair Trade-certified coffee that met its quality standards up to amount that met customer demand (Austin Reavis 2002) Although often the quality of the purchased Fair Trade coffee did not meet Starbucks quality standards and therefore was unusable, Starbucks made a wise decision to purchase Fair Trade coffee to be sold through its stores. The Fair Trade movement is a popular movement, especially in urban neighborhoods. Starbucks needs to continue to work with the Fair Trade movement, educating the suppliers of its quality standards so that they can buy more of the Fair Trade coffee. Ultimately Starbucks has a proven track record of being socially responsible. Starbucks, along with Conservation International, created and nourished The Chiapas Project which conserved biologically sensitive land, educated farmers, encouraged organic farming, and promoted shade-grown coffee growing. This project was cost and time intensive, so Starbucks and CI went further to create sourcing guidelines. Guidelines that would affect the entire coffee industry as a whole. Starbucks also dealt well with another movement that threated to undermine the effectiveness of the newly created guidelines. Change comes slow to a behemoth like the coffee industry and Starbucks understands that if it continues to promote social responsibility as a strategic business practice, it will be rewarded by customers and eventually change the coffee industry for the better. References Austin, James , and Cate Reavis. Starbucks and Conservation International. Harvard Business School 9-303-055 (2002): 1-28. Print Hoyt, D. , McMillan, J. (2004). The Global Coffee Trade. Stanford Graduate School of Business, IB-53, 1-54. Retrieved July 26, 2010, from http://www. probeinternational. org/files/The%20Global%20Coffee%20Trade. pdf Raynolds, Laura. Consumer/Producer links in Fair Trade Coffee Networks. Sociologia Ruralis 42. 4 (2002): 404-424. Print. Starbucks Annual CSR Report 2001. (2002, February 15). 2001 Report Untitled. Retrieved July 25, 2010, from assets. starbucks. com/assets/csr-fy01-ar. pdf TransFair USA | About Us. TransFair USA | Home. N. p. , n. d. Web. 22 July 2010.

Movie Review: Sense And Sensibility Essay -- essays research papers

Movie Review: Sense and Sensibility Ang Lee, who directed, and Emma Thompson, who adapted the screenplay, have done an excellent job of bringing Jane Austen's Victorian novel, Sense and Sensibility, to the movie screen. The movie's collection of actors are a joy to watch as they bring out the emotions of an otherwise polite and reserved era in time. The production work is top notch with bright, cascading photography that sets a romantic "I wish I was there" setting. The purpose of the Sense and Sensibility is to bring out the romance in all of us and show us that Austen's philosophy of love exists today as much as it did two centuries ago. Sense and Sensibility could rightly be classified as a love story, but that would just scratch the surface of what this movie has to offer. It is also a period piece, giving us a chance to visit English society in the nineteenth century. Director Ang Lee brought us to this historic time with beautifully constructed sets and sites that drop us right into the country cottage of our heroines. This natural scenery, with its wide sweeping camerawork warps us back to a time without the loud annoyances of TV and machinery. By this example Lee sets the stage for the story to begin.. If there is one thing that keeps this movie constantly going is the work of the superb actors. The talent of the actors suited the roles they played, and their mastering of the characters bring per...

Education and Life Chances in Modern Education Essay

Is there such thing as secret of finding meaning in life? That might some what answers me base on certain articles that I just read and as well as the video that amazed me while viewing. This first article defines life and it’s meaning which is â€Å"Meaning in Life [live the life that you want]† by Albert S. Wang, written on November 19, 1997. This article, questions you if you are really contented and happy of what you have and if this is really the life that you wanted. It is said in here that to be able to live a life that you want and to put a meaning on it; you must first know yourself from within because this makes you know of who you are, second is know where you want to go for it gives you direction in finding your happiness. These things are beginning of having a meaningful life. To find the meaning of your life, you must find it with action not just by waiting for it to come and you can also find this meaning in life not just in distant place but mostly it is found near you. Putting a meaning in your life is all about the choices and decisions that you made on where you want to go. Just live your will and you’ll see that each day you will grow in having a meaningful life. The second article that touches me is entitled â€Å"So What Will Matter? † sent by Leandro G. Cruz and shared by Joe Gatuslao of Bacolod City, Philippines. Its original title is A Life That Matters. This article is so inspiring because it stresses that all that you have got starting from yourself just like beauty, fame, wealth and all other things that you have are just in vain because these things are not forever yours, these are just passing things and you cannot bring these things when you leave earth but what really matters are the thing that you made that others will remember you of your goodness, the things that you gave not just in material aspects but in all, living your life with significance, teaching others and set yourself as an example to them. All of these things are living a life that matters. This third article has an unknown author which entitles â€Å"A Purpose†. The article speaks that all of us who are created by God has a unique and significant purpose. Each of us is given a chance to find our designated purposes but you must wait when the right time comes because God has set it for you at a time when you are equipped and ready. Most of the time you’ll experience the roughness of life but don’t be dismayed because there is always a helping hand that will take care of you, which is God who never leaves you. Just stay at the right path and do good deeds for in the end you will find your own way to the pearly white gate. The next article is the one that I liked most which is â€Å"The Journey of Our Life† shared again by Joe Gatuslao from Bacolod City, Philippines. This article actually tells a story about the Emperor who owned a huge land and he told his horseman that if he could ride on his horse and cover as much land area as he likes, then the Emperor would give him the area of land he has covered. The horseman did not stop riding and whipping the horse because he wanted to cover as much area as possible. Came to a point when he had covered a substantial area and he was exhausted and was dying. Then he asked himself, â€Å"Why did I push myself so hard to cover so much land area? Now I am dying and I only need a very small area to bury myself. † This story is really similar with the journey of our life because most of us are always striving for richness, properties, possessions, power etc. So we work harder and harder until we come to realized that all of these things are not necessary for living a happy and meaningful life; we must balance our way of living so that we could not missed something in life that might happen once. The next thing that I am going to share is all about the video clip that I watched; it’s about an old woman at the age of 47 and her name is Susan Boyle who joined in a certain show that searches for extraordinary talents namely Britain’s Got Talent. During her performance, a big shock was made by Susan because at the beginning when she first introduced herself, everybody was against her like they are judging Susan of joining the show where she looks like so ordinary and nothing to show up but when she start on singing all where stunned by her angelic voice and they gave her a standing ovation but most importantly the three big yes from the strict juries. This gives us an insight that we must not judge the person’s appearance because you’ll never know what’s the biggest surprise that comes from within. God created us with equal gifts and we must use this as an inspiration to others. This last article is a prayer entitled as â€Å"Mere Possessions†. It’s all about the prayer of a woman who asked a help from the Lord, asking that she might not put much stock in possessions because things don’t last and you cannot bring all of these things when you leave earth. That we come into the world with nothing, we leave with nothing. Having a meaningful life is about your choices and decisions that were made; just make sure you have chosen the right path because if you do then you’ll end walking along the pearly white gate and that is the fulfillment of having a meaningful life. There is really no such thing as a secret of finding a meaning in life; it’s just you who will make it meaningful by doing what is right and just; live happy and be happy all the time because life is just too short, you might missed something so let’s make the most of it. Public education, it can be argued, shapes society, instils social mores and indoctrinates the impressionable with those philosophies the elites value. This essay will focus upon three main areas intrinsic to the education system. These are the social reproduction of ideas, the life chances created and instilled through education, and the socialisation of the individuals undergoing the educational process. Two main sociological perspectives that are useful when studying the education system are Functionalism and Critical Theory, because they focus on macro issues and social structures more than the interactionist perspective. Functionalists believe that the school system is an agent of social reproduction, which operates to reproduce well integrated, fully functioning members of society (Webb, Schirato and Danaher, 2002: 114). Critical theorists, conversely, hold that education is the most effective mechanism for promoting social change and for giving opportunities to less privileged groups so that they can advance their social standing. However, education usually reproduces existing social divisions, maintaining the relative disadvantage of certain groups (Webb, Schirato and Danaher, 2002: 106). Munro (1994: 108) describes the different approaches by stating that, â€Å"functionalists tend to see education as synonymous with socialisation, while a conflict theorist is inclined to view education as ideological- that is, reflecting the interests of particular groups. † Functionalists hold that the major institution for social reproduction is the education system, whereas, from a critical perspective, teachers, who oversee this reproduction, have been made into administrators of programs that provide â€Å"manpower capitalisation† through planned and directed behavioural changes (Illich, 1973: 327). Illich (1973: 327) comments, from a critical perspective, that teaching and learning remain sacred activities separate and estranged from a fulfilling life. This is because the things being taught do not line up with the necessary knowledge needed for life outside of education, and that â€Å"learning from programmed information always hides reality behind a screen† (Illich, 1973: 324). This means that the knowledge provided is set to a secret agenda. The learning process, which supposedly passes on the values and mores necessary in society to students, is not, however, meeting these needs effectively. Relevant information, that is, knowledge, which will add skills to the labour market, is becoming less practical and more theoretical, expanding the gap between study and work. Regardless of this, employers and social elites have attempted to use the schools for the reproduction of compliant workers (Davis, 1999: 65). This double standard has been discussed in a best selling song, ‘The Wall’ by Pink Floyd (1978) in which they stated that the reproduction received through the school system was set to a hidden agenda, and that society would be better off without it. Drucker (1973: 236) equates the influx of educated people to the potential for producing wealth in any given country. By stating this, educational socialisation and the development of educated people is the most important function education can have. He goes on to state that while this may be the case today, throughout history, being uneducated provided the wealth of a given nation, due to the class differences, and that education was for the rich and idle while the work was performed by the illiterate. This all changed with the Industrial Revolution, and the invention of moveable type in the 17th Century (Drucker, 1973: 232). The moveable type meant that education could be performed at a reduced rate, and words became a commodity that was necessary for improving the quality of the labour force. Education is purported to provide the best possible life chances for its graduates, yet in reality, in many ways education diminishes these chances. Heinz (1987: 132) points out that the life chances of graduates are in a state of flux, that when the labour market is depressed and work is difficult to find, then young people will opt for more education as a means of delaying their entry into a tight work force. â€Å"The school then takes on the function of a warehouse; it is a place to mark time. At the same time school acts as a socio-political instrument for reducing social and political conflict, and this function gains predominance over its main function of educating young people. † In many cases the academic credentials earned are unnecessary for working-class jobs (Furlong and Cartmel, 1999: 12), which changes the focus of education, making it oppressive and irrelevant (Davis, 1999: 83). Heinz (1987: 131) states â€Å"secondary school-leavers face a worsening outlook when they want to start in working life, and joining a preparatory program is increasingly becoming the only alternative to unemployment. † There are a growing number of young people who are finding it harder to find a place, whose prospects on the labour market are poor, being qualified but underemployed, or drifting between unemployment and occasional jobs (Heinz, 1987: 131). This increases social inequalities and the gap between rich and poor. By acting as a warehouse education is not preparing students for life but rather crippling their life chances. The alternative to this are to reassess the curricula and teaching methods, reintegrating skilled workers into vocational education, ensuring that knowledge will be of direct benefit to graduates in obtaining a place within the work force. There are fewer and fewer opportunities becoming available, and school leavers have to undergo more and more relevant vocational training. However, fewer school-leavers are able to go directly into the vocational training they want. Heinz (1987: 130) noted a growing trend 16 years ago that â€Å"Depending on the region, only between one-third and one-half of these school leavers succeed in getting a training place†, and in 1994 Munro (1994: 109) observed that the â€Å"school-to-work transition† had failed which had major ramifications for everyone involved, causing â€Å"underemployment of school leavers† (Munro, 1994: 116). The seriousness of this trend is made even more apparent by the fact that school-leavers are even ready to enter apprenticeships that lead them into dead-end occupations (Heinz, 1987: 129). Drucker (1973: 232) however, states that while this may be so, to be â€Å"uneducated is an economic liability and is unproductive,† even though education is producing an â€Å"unemployable, overeducated proletariat. † (Drucker, 1973: 233) According to Mehan (1973: 240) education is a â€Å"major socialisation agency,† which moulds the individual’s self-concepts into a socially accepted format, allowing each individual to be slotted into a specific function (Sargent, 1994: 240). Sargent (1994: 240) points out that in the function of education â€Å"values are essentially involved† and are taught beside worldly knowledge. However, this knowledge interprets the world, but does not necessarily correspond with any external state (Sargent, 1994: 232). The transmission of knowledge, skills and values, helps to sort and rank individuals, that they might be better placed in the labour market (Munro, 1994: 96). This raises a paradox, however, where education is seen by many as the best possible means of achieving greater equality in society (Sargent, 1994: 233), yet it categorises the graduates into job specifications, personality types and the opportunities granted to each. Sargent (1994: 231) furthers this thought by explaining that the education system is an integral part of determining position and power in our society (Sargent, 1994: 231), and that through education the class structures are compounded, making it more difficult for those in the working classes from advancing in the social hierarchy. The education institution both absorbs and perpetuates the ideology, â€Å"masquerading as ‘knowledge’, which legitimises inequality† (Sargent, 1994: 231). Regardless of the inequalities produced, it has become the â€Å"absolute prerequisite of social and economic development in our world† to have a highly educated pool of people ready for the labour market (Drucker, 1973: 232). In conclusion, the failure of the education system to reduce social inequality and produce better workers, raises serious doubts as to its effectiveness. Life chances created through education appear to be diminishing, despite the extension of education. The knowledge taught seems to be ineffective in preparing students to cope with life. Functionalists need to reassess the structure of education, as it loses its ability to effectively provide for graduates, becoming dysfunctional in its goals to remove inequality and give a head start to people entering the work force. When looking at the education system, it is necessary to ask if the cost spent on educating people is being effectively used, considering the increasing number of educated poor. The gap between knowledge taught and life experience needs to be bridged, for education to effectively function. If, as it appears, schools are to socialise and reproduce effective and functioning members of society, the curricula has to be addressed. Bibliography Davis, Nanette J. (1999). Youth Crisis: Growing up in the High Risk Society. Praeger Publications, Westport Drucker, Peter F. (1973). ‘The Educational Revolution’, Social Change: Sources, Patterns, and Consequences (2nd ed) Amitai Etzioni and Eva Etzioni-Halevy (Eds). Basic Books Inc. , New York. pp 232 – 238 Furlong, Andy, and Cartmel, Fred (1997). Young People and Social Change: Individualisation and Risk in Late Modernity. Open University Press, Buckingham Heinz, Walter R. (1987). ‘The Transition from School to Work in Crisis: Coping with Threatening Unemployment’, Journal of Adolescent Research (Vol 2). pp 127 – 141 Illich, Ivan (1973). ‘The Breakdown of Schools: A Problem or a Symptom’, Childhood and Socialisation Hans Peter Dreitzel (Ed). Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc. , Canada. pp 311 – 336 Mehan, Hugh (1973). ‘Assessing Children’s School Performance’, Childhood and Socialisation Hans Peter Dreitzel (Ed). Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc. , Canada. pp 240 – 264 Munro, Lyle (1994). ‘Education’, Society and Change: A Sociological Introduction to Contemporary Australia Brian Furze and Christine Stafford (Eds). Macmillan Education Australia Pty. Ltd. , South Melbourne. pp 96 – 128 Pink Floyd (1978) ‘The Wall’, The Wall. Mushroom Records, California. Sargent, Margaret (1994). ‘Education – for equality? employment? emancipation? ‘, The New Sociology for Australians. Longman Cheshire Pty. Ltd. , Melbourne. pp 231 – 256 Webb, J. , Schirato, T. and Danaher, G. (2002). ‘Bourdieu and Secondary Schools’, Understanding Bourdieu pp 105 – 106 (Reprinted in Sociological Reflections on Everyday Life: GSC 1201 Reader). Allen and Unwin, Sydney. pp 227 – 238.

Hcs 235 Week Health Care Utilization Paper - 1067 Words

Health Care Utilization Paper HCS/235: Health Care Delivery in the U.S. Health Care Reform The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (PPACA) was designed to decrease health care costs and require health care access to all U.S. citizens. The Act has the potential for reducing the cost of health care in the United States; however, with many risks which could possibly strain the health care system, increase debt, and decrease the quality of care many are concerned. Access to Care The PPACA was enacted in 2010; however, the Act was not completely implemented right away. The health care reform has been dispersing provisions as the years progressed. Provisions such as simply investing in new resources to fight against†¦show more content†¦Utilization Utilization management has taken a key role in the health reform act because it evaluates the need, appropriateness, and the efficiency of the health care services which will be used by the covered individual. Health insurance plans are pressured to find ways to reduce plan costs and improve the quality of care provided to their members. Utilization management efforts have reduced inappropriate services and high medical costs just by taking some time to review pre-authorizations instead of providing clinically inappropriate, out-of-network services which prevents the accurate care for patient and increases cost for plans. Today’s decision-making and support of utilizations for members are perfor med in real-time. Real-time utilization achieves the decrease of unnecessary expenses and improves member’s health. Use of unnecessary services increases the cost for plans and limits them on the amount of services they can provide to members who are in dire need of them. Universal Health Care Achieving the goal of providing health care benefits for all U.S. citizens is a goal that is not new in our health care system and still lingers to be resolved by government officials. The health reform act’s provisions are stated to achieve these goals. The MedicaidShow MoreRelatedJohn Q776 Words   |  4 PagesA Look at John Q HCS/235 History of Health Care Utilization in the US November 20, 2013 Brett Robinson A look at John Q Too poor to afford private health care insurance coverage, but lucky enough to qualify for Medicaid John Q faces yet another challenge. John’s father recently suffered a heart attack which brought into question his own mortality. John like many Americans is a working class man who works full time but still under the poverty level and into a substandard and overworked MedicaidRead MoreHealth Care Utilization Paper1143 Words   |  5 PagesHealth Care Utilization Paper Class: HCS/235 Health Care Delivery in the U.S. Option Chosen: 2 John Q In this paper we will discuss John Q. and Medicaid. John recently moved into a rural community and works a full time job. John is eligible for Medicaid due to his low income and needs to see a doctor since he has high blood pressure and recently his father had a heart attack. He has local doctors but none of them except Medicaid and the closest one he can find is a 40 minute drive awayRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagescondition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Typeset by SPI Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by Antony Rowe Ltd., Chippenham, Wiltshire ISBN 0–19–928335–4 978–0–19–928335–4 ISBN 0–19–928336–2 (Pbk.) 978–0–19–928336–1 (Pbk.) 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 3 FOREWORD ‘ Michael Bromwich is an exemplar of all that is good about the BritishRead MoreMerger and Acquisition: Current Issues115629 Words   |  463 Pagesprinted on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mergers and acquisitions : current issues / edited by Greg N. Gregoriou and Karyn L. Neuhauser. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-230-55379-6 (alk. paper) 1. ConsolidationRead More1000 Word Essay85965 Words   |  344 Pageslist will not be approved for AER assistance without the specific prior approval of HQ AER. (AR 930-4 Aug 1994 / 2-8 / PDF 9) What is the AER Motto? Page 11 / 389  © Copyright 1999-2012 ArmyStudyGuide.com Version 5.3 Helping the Army Take Care Of its Own (AR 930-4 Aug 1994 / 1-6 / PDF 5) The minimum amount that can be contributed to AER through allotment is what amount? 1 dollar each month for 3 months How is AER funded? Through Voluntary Contributions from Soldiers (tax free), through